Machu Picchu, the Lost City of the Incas, is one of the most breathtaking and iconic travel destinations in the world. Nestled high in the Peruvian Andes, this ancient site attracts history enthusiasts, adventure seekers, and nature lovers alike. Whether you’re planning your first trip or looking to revisit this UNESCO World Heritage Site, this guide will provide you with essential travel tips, historical insights, and a comprehensive list of things to do and see in Machu Picchu.
A Brief History of Machu Picchu
Machu Picchu was built in the 15th century by the Inca emperor Pachacuti as a royal estate or religious site. It remained hidden from the Spanish conquistadors and was rediscovered by American explorer Hiram Bingham in 1911. Since then, it has become one of the most visited archaeological sites in the world, showcasing the incredible engineering and architectural skills of the Inca civilization.
The site consists of over 200 structures, including temples, terraces, and residences, all constructed using the Incas’ masterful dry stone masonry techniques. The purpose of Machu Picchu remains a mystery, but theories suggest it was used for religious ceremonies, astronomical observations, and as a retreat for Incan royalty.
How to Get to Machu Picchu
Flying to Peru
Most travelers start their journey by flying into Jorge Chávez International Airport (LIM) in Lima, Peru’s capital. From Lima, you’ll need to take a domestic flight to Alejandro Velasco Astete International Airport (CUZ) in Cusco, the gateway to Machu Picchu.
Getting from Cusco to Machu Picchu
- Train to Aguas Calientes (Machu Picchu Pueblo) – The most common way to reach Machu Picchu is by train. Two major train services operate between Cusco and Aguas Calientes:
- PeruRail – Offers Vistadome, Expedition, and luxury Hiram Bingham trains.
- Inca Rail – Provides multiple service levels, including the First Class train with panoramic views.
- Hiking the Inca Trail – Adventurous travelers can trek the historic Inca Trail, a 4-day journey through stunning Andean landscapes. Permits are required and should be booked months in advance.
- Alternative Treks – If the Inca Trail is fully booked, consider the Salkantay Trek, Lares Trek, or the Choquequirao Trek, all of which offer scenic routes to Machu Picchu.
- Bus from Hidroelectrica – A budget-friendly option for travelers willing to take a long bus ride followed by a scenic hike along the railway tracks.
Best Time to Visit Machu Picchu
Choosing the right time to visit Machu Picchu is essential for the best experience. Factors such as weather and crowd levels can impact your trip.
Rainfall and Crowd Levels by Month
The following chart shows the best months to visit Machu Picchu based on rainfall and tourist crowd levels:
| Month | Rainfall (mm) | Crowd Level (1-10) |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 160 | 3 |
| Feb | 140 | 3 |
| Mar | 120 | 4 |
| Apr | 90 | 6 |
| May | 50 | 9 |
| Jun | 30 | 10 |
| Jul | 20 | 10 |
| Aug | 25 | 9 |
| Sep | 40 | 7 |
| Oct | 80 | 6 |
| Nov | 120 | 4 |
| Dec | 150 | 3 |
- Dry Season (May to September) – The best time to visit with clear skies and less rain, but it’s also the busiest season.
- Rainy Season (November to March) – Fewer crowds, but frequent rain showers can make hiking trails slippery.
- Shoulder Months (April & October) – A great balance between decent weather and smaller crowds.
Pro Tip: Arrive early in the morning or late in the afternoon to avoid peak crowds and get the best photos!
Essential Travel Tips for Machu Picchu
- Book in Advance – Entrance tickets to Machu Picchu and permits for Huayna Picchu sell out quickly.
- Bring Your Passport – You’ll need it for entry, and you can get a special Machu Picchu stamp!
- Pack Smart – Wear layers, bring sunscreen, bug spray, and a rain jacket.
- Respect the Rules – No tripods, drones, or large backpacks are allowed inside.
- Stay Hydrated – At high altitudes, drink plenty of water and avoid alcohol before your visit.
- Arrive Early – Sunrise at Machu Picchu is magical and offers fewer crowds.
- Hire a Travel Guide To Machu Picchu – A knowledgeable guide enhances the experience with historical context and insights.
Conclusion
Machu Picchu is a bucket-list destination that offers a mix of adventure, history, and breathtaking scenery. Whether you choose to hike the Inca Trail, take the scenic train route, or explore the ancient ruins at your own pace, this wonder of the world will leave you with unforgettable memories. By planning ahead and following these travel tips, you’ll ensure a smooth and rewarding visit to Machu Picchu.
Start planning your trip today and get ready to experience one of the most awe-inspiring places on Earth!
Machu Picchu Travel Guide – FAQs
The best time to visit Machu Picchu is during the dry season (May to September) for clear skies and minimal rain. However, for fewer crowds, consider visiting in April or October.
You can reach Machu Picchu by taking a train from Cusco to Aguas Calientes and then a shuttle bus to the site. Alternatively, you can hike the Inca Trail or other alternative trekking routes.
Yes, entrance tickets to Machu Picchu must be purchased in advance. If you plan to hike the Inca Trail, a special permit is required and should be booked months ahead.
